Health

Washington: Researchers have found how environmental irritants, such as air pollution and cigarette smoke, trigger coughing.
In a study conducted by experts from Imperial College London and the University of Hull, it was found that irritants activate receptor proteins called TRPA1 on the surface of nerve endings in the lungs.
Subsequently, sensory nerves trigger a cough reflex.
The researchers insisted that blocking TRPA1 receptors could treat coughing.
Professor Maria Belvisi, co-author of the study from the National Heart and Lung Institute at Imperial College London, said, "For some people, chronic coughing can be annoying and uncomfortable, but for others it can be distressing and can have a severe impact on their quality of life.

Business news

New Delhi, Nov. 24 With many automakers planning to launch eco-friendly vehicles for the domestic market, Tata Motors said on Tuesday that it may launch the electric version of the small car Indica in early 2011.
The company has been developing the car with Norway-based Miljøbil Grenland/Innovasjon, in which it has a 50.3 per cent stake. It plans to start a feasibility study for this in the next year and may launch the car simultaneously with the European launch.
“It will be available for India at around the same time as the global launch. It will be launched in Norway, Denmark and the UK in 12-14 months. We’re evaluating the option of an Indian launch, but are still not sure if the electric vehicles (EVs) are the best option for the country,” said Mr Prakash M Telang, Managing Director, India Operations, Tata Motors.
He further added that the main problem is the high cost attached to EVs, which is mainly because of the expensive batteries. “It will be 70-150 per cent more expensive depending on batteries. While lead acid batteries are not good enough, lithium-ion is too expensive. We have to look into the cost equation,” he said.

Business news

Rolls Royce, the luxury car manufacturer, is expected to reveal its most awaiting model ‘Ghost’ in Indian Market on December 5, 2009.
Ghost, which is considered an essence of Rolls-Royce in its simplest and purest form, was showcased at the Frankfurt motor show, held on 15 September 2009. The car is the first in a new Rolls-Royce model series, separate from the Phantom family.
Rolls Royce Ghost is powered by a new twin turbo 6.6-litre V12 engine, and coupled with the 8-speed ZF gearbox, which accelerates from 0-62 mph in just 4.9 seconds and has a governed top-speed of 155 mph.
The car is built around a steel monococque chassis and suspension system including Dynamic Stability Control and Anti-Roll Stabilisation to create a more dynamic drive and the Rolls-Royce ‘magic carpet ride’.
In addition, Rolls Royce’s Ghost comes with an optional panorama sunroof, picnic tables, four-zone automatic air-conditioning and air recirculation, along with two 9.2-inch LCD screens.
The company aims to sell 50 to 60 Ghosts in the domestic market each year. The car is expected to available at a price of Rs 2.5 crore.

international taxation

The integration of world capital markets carries important implications for the design and impact of tax policies. This paper evaluates research findings on international taxation, drawing attention to connections and inconsistencies between theoretical and empirical observations. Diamond and Mirrlees (1971) note that small open economies incur very high costs in attempting to tax the returns to local capital investment, since local factors bear the burden of such taxes in the form of productive inefficiencies. Richman (1963) argues that countries may simultaneously want to tax the worldwide capital income of domestic residents, implying that any taxes paid to foreign governments should be merely deductible from domestic taxable income. Governments do not adopt policies that are consistent with these forecasts. Corporate income is taxed at high rates by wealthy countries, and most countries either exempt foreign-source income of domestic multinationals from tax provide credits rather than deductions for taxes paid abroad. Furthermore, individual investors can use various methods to avoid domestic taxes on their foreign-source incomes, in the process also avoiding taxes on their domestic-source incomes. Individual and firm behavior also differs from that forecast by simple theories. Observed portfolios are not fully diversified worldwide. Foreign direct investment is common even when it faces tax penalties relative to other investment in host countries. While economic activity, and tax avoidance activity, is highly responsive to tax rates and tax structure, there are many aspects of tax-motivated behavior that are difficult to reconcile with simple microeconomic incentives. There are promising recent efforts to reconcile observations with theory. To the extent that multinational firms possess intangible capital on which they earn returns with foreign direct investment, even small countries may have a degree of market power, leading to fiscal externalities. Tax avoidance is pervasive, generating further fiscal externalities.

what is international business?

What is international business?
International business is mainly concerned with the doing business activities beyond the nations boundary. Internationalbusiness
has a great scope but there is a lot of internal and the external pressure from the whole world. There is a lot of political and social pressure exists there, exchanging currency is a serious problem in international business. When commodities comes across a nations boundary its becomes a issue to focuses on it.
IB is doing business across national political boundaries.
Business can be in form of importing, exporting, transfer of process knowledge, managerial inputs, capital investments and consultancy.

business news

State Bank of India has snipped interest rates by 25-50 basis points on deposits up to five years duration.

This is the second time in as many months that India’s biggest bank has cut term deposit rates.

Last month, the bank had reduced term deposit rates by 25 basis points across all maturities.

The latest round of interest rate-cuts on term deposits is effective from November 9. SBI, however, has left interest rates on long-term deposits in two maturity buckets — 5 years to less than 8 years (7.25 per cent) and 8 years and up to 10 years (7.50 per cent) — unchanged. Even as it cut term deposit rates, the bank announced extension of its 8 per cent home loans campaign up to March 31, 2010 following good response to the scheme.

The bank has grown its home loans portfolio by 15 per cent from Rs 54,063 crore as of March-end 2009 to Rs 62,338 crore as of September-end 2009.

According to analysts, SBI may have pared term deposit rates to protect its net interest margin in the face of sluggish credit pick-up and liquidity glut arising from heavy inflow of retail term deposits, which on an average increased by Rs 8,075 crore a month in the first six months of the fiscal.

active management

Active management (also called active investing) refers to a portfolio management strategy where the manager makes specific investments with the goal of outperforming an investment benchmark index. Investors or mutual funds that do not aspire to create a return in excess of a benchmark index will often invest in an index fund that replicates as closely as possible the investment weighting and returns of that index; this is called passive management. Active management is the opposite of passive management, because in passive management the manager does not seek to outperform the benchmark index.

Technoligical gap theory

Technological gap theory proposes that changes in international trade are dictated by the relative technological sophistication of countries.
Some nations, such as the US or Japan, have a competitive trade advantage because of their ability to innovate. Over time, other countries will bridge a particular gap although the really innovative will have opened others.

Technoligical gap theory

Technological gap theory proposes that changes in international trade are dictated by the relative technological sophistication of countries.
Some nations, such as the US or Japan, have a competitive trade advantage because of their ability to innovate. Over time, other countries will bridge a particular gap although the really innovative will have opened others.

what is competency , core competency , distinctive competency

Competencies are special qualities possed by an organization that make them withstand the pressure of competiton in the market place.
Core competency: when an organization develops its competencies over a period of time $ hones them into a fine art of competiting with its rivals it tends to use these competencies exceedingly well.
Distinctive competency: when a specific ability is possessed by a particular organization exclusively or relatively in a large measure ,it is called a distinctive competency.

what is dreivative?

Derivatives can defined as which value derived from other assets this assets can be stock,gold or any other commoditied. The examples of derivatives are future,option,swap etc.
Derivatives means a finacial product of derivatives.

ONGC

Government owened oil and natural gas corporation is looking to hire an ultra deep -sea drill rig to improve exploration in western offshore blocks . earlier this quarter ,ongc had hiered the rig Dhirubhai deepwater kg-1 from Reliance industries Ltd. for $495,000 to $510,000 a day for four years.

About stock exchange

The stock exchanges are the exclusive centers for trading of securities. The regulatory framework favors them heavily by almost banning trading of securities outside exchanges. Till recently, they enjoyed territorial monopoly. Listing of companies on the local exchange is mandatory to provide an opportunity to investors to invest in the securities of local companies. The companies wishing to list their securities must get listed on the regional (an exchange is considered regional for the state/Union Territory where it is located) stock exchange nearest to their registered office. If they so wish, they can seek listing on other exchanges also. In a vast country like India, investors long for convenience of trading from a nearby place and take pride also in having stock exchanges in their vicinity. Monopoly of the exchanges within their allocated area, regional aspirations of the people and mandatory .

Green revolution

Norman Borlaug, the U.S. agricultural scientist who receive the nobel peace prize for developing high yield crops to prevent famine in the devolping world ,has died at 95 . Borlaug hailed as a central figure in the green revolution that made more food available for the world,s hungry died on saturday night from cancer complications in Dallas . The green revolution the development of crops such as wheat that delivered better yields than tradiditional strains.

Financial Management

Financial management is one the functional area of management. It refer to that part of the management activity which is concerned with the planning and controlling of firms financial resources.

Finance is the life-blood of business. Without finance neither any business can be
started nor successfully run . Finance is needed to promote or establish business, acquire fixed assets, make necessary investigations, develop product keep man and machines at work ,encourage management to make progress and create values.

The nature of financial decisions would be clear when we try to understand the operation of a firm. At the very outset, the promoters makes an appraisal of various investment proposals and selects one or more of them ,depending upon the net benefits derived from each as well as on the availability of funds.

Naresh goyal

Achievement: Founder Chairman of Jet Airways; Recipient of the first BM Munjal Award for Excellence in Learning & Development in the Private Sector category in 2006. Naresh Goyal is the founder Chairman of Jet Airways, India's largest domestic airline. Jet Airways presently operates over 320 flights daily to 48 destinations, of which five are international. Naresh Goel also figures in Forbes list of Indian billionaires. Naresh Goyal completed his graduation in Commerce in 1967 and joined the travel business with the GSA for Lebanese International Airlines. From 1967 to 1974 he learnt the intricacies of the travel business through his association with several foreign airlines. In May 1974, Naresh Goyal founded Jet air (Private) Limited to look after Sales and Marketing operations of foreign airlines in India. Naresh Goyal was involved in developing studies of traffic patterns, route structures, and operational economics and flight scheduling. His rich and varied experience made him an authority in the world of aviation and travel. In 1991, when the Indian economy was being opened up, Naresh Goyal took advantage of Open Skies Policy of the Government of India and set up Jet Airways for the operation of scheduled air services on domestic sectors in India. Jet Airways started commercial operations on May 05, 1993. Today, Jet Airways has evolved into India's largest private domestic airline. Jet Airways has been voted India's "Best Domestic Airline" by several organizations of world-class repute. In 2005, Jet Airways came up with an IPO and it was a huge success. Jet Airways was recently in controversy over its merger deal with Air Sahara. The merger was called off and the too airlines are currently considering arbitration.Along with Jet's meteoric rise, Naresh Goyal too rose in the entrepreneurial arena. He has won several honors and accolades. These include Entrepreneur of the Year Award for Services' from Ernst & Young in 2000.

call option and put option

A call option is a financial contract between two parties, the buyer and the seller of this type of option. It is the option to buy shares of stock at a specified time in the future. Often it is simply labeled a "call". The buyer of the option has the right, but not the obligation to buy an agreed quantity of a particular commodity or financial instrument.
What Does Put Option Mean?
An option contract giving the owner the right, but not the obligation, to sell a specified amount of an underlying security at a specified price within a specified time. This is the opposite of a call option, which gives the holder the right to buy shares.

what is mcx?

Multi Commodity Exchange is a commodity exchange based in Mumbai, the financial capital of India. The MCX is a demutualized electronic multi commodity futures exchange, and enables future trading of various agricultural and non-agricultural commodities such as Metals, Pulses, Oils, Fiber, Energy, Petrochemicals, Plantations, Cereals, Bullion and Spices etc. As of 31st of December, 2007, the exchange was offering futures trading in 55 different commodities. Established in November 2003 by Financial Technologies, the MCX holds a permanent recognition issued by the Government of India.

Key Attributes
Multi Commodity Exchange is said to be the most prominent commodity exchange in the country, and claimed 84% of the total commodity market share in the year 2008. Awarded with an ISO 9001:2000 accreditation for the quality standards maintained by it, MCX has partnered with ten renowned commodity exchanges of the world, including Tokyo Commodity Exchange, London Metal Exchange, Chicago Climate Exchange, New York Board of Trade, Bursa Malaysia Derivatives and New York Mercantile Exchange.

brij mohanlal munjal

Dr. Brijmohan Lall Munjal is an Industrialist and founder of The Hero Group which owns the Hero Honda Motors in India.. He is a first generation entrepreneur who started very small and through sheer hard work and perseverance made it to the top. Today, Hero Group is the largest manufacturer of two-wheelers in the world and BrijMohan Lal Munjal is the man widely credited with its success.
Brijmohan Lall Munjal was born in 1923 at Kamalia in unpartioned India. After completing his formal education he worked at the Army Ordinance Factory, before moving his base to India after partition. B.M. Munjal’s journey began in 1944 at the age of 20. Brij Mohanlall along with his three brothers, Dayanand (32), Satyanand (27) and Om Prakash (16) moved from his birthplace Kamalia in Pakistan to Amritsar. The brothers started supplying components to the local bicycle business. After partition in 1947, the family was forced to move to Ludhiana. The town of Ludhiana was already a major hub of the Indian bicycle business and an important textile center. The Munjals slowly spread their bicycle component distribution network in other parts of the country and became one of India’s largest bicycle parts suppliers. In 1952 Munjals made a shift from supplying to manufacturing. They started manufacturing handlebars, front forks and chains.
In 1956, the Punjab state government announced the issue of twelve new industrial licenses to make bicycles in Ludhiana. The Munjal brothers cashed on this opportunity. Helped by the Punjab government financing of Rs 600,000 to supplement their own limited capital resources, the Munjals set up Hero Cycles. Hero Cycles was registered as a ‘large-scale industrial unit’ and it initially produced 7,500 units per year.
Soon Hero Cycles started giving well-established players such as Raleigh, Hind Cycles, and Atlas Cycles a run for their money. The hero cycle was comparatively cheaper and was sturdy and reliable. It gave the customers value for their money.
In January 1984, Japan’s Honda, the world’s largest manufacturer of motorcycles, elicited interest in collaborating with the Hero Group to manufacture motor cycles in India. An agreement was signed and on 13 April 1985, the first Hero Honda motorbike was rolled out. Today, the company is the largest manufacturer of motorcycles in the world.
For his outstanding contribution to the success of Hero Group, B.M. Munjal was honored with Ernst & Young’s Entrepreneur of the Year award in 2001.

sachin tendulkar

sachin tendulkar is the brand ambessdor of boost,mrf ,visa card.He is a prominent celebrity